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Gardiner is a census-designated place (CDP) in Park County, Montana, United States, along the 45th parallel. The population was 875 at the 2010 census. Gardiner was officially founded in 1880, but the area has served as a main entrance to Yellowstone National Park since its creation in 1872. Parks' Fly Shop, one of the oldest fly shops and guiding operations in the Yellowstone area, was started by Merton Parks in 1953. Yellowstone National Park Heritage and Research Center, which opened May 18, 2005 is located in Gardiner, MT and houses National Park Service archives, Yellowstone museum collections and reference libraries.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yellowstone National Park Heritage and Research Center )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Heritage and Research Center )〕 ==History== The name ''Gardiner'' derives from Johnson Gardner, a fur trapper who operated in the area in 1830-31. He named the lush headwaters valley of today's Gardner River ''Gardner's Hole''. Originally, named ''Gardner's Fork'', the river took on Gardner's name although prospectors and explorers who visited the area later in the century were unaware of the trapper ''Johnson Gardner.'' In 1870, when the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition passed through the area they began calling the river ''Gardiner''—a phonetic error. Hiram M. Chittenden (1895) and Nathaniel P. Langford (1905) confirmed this spelling in their accounts of the expedition. When the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871 passed through the Gardiner area they encountered two men, named J.C. McCartney and H. R. Horr, that had laid claim to and established a ranch and bath house on the Mammoth terraces near Liberty Cap. These entrepreneurs eventually established a primitive hotel at Mammoth and were not evicted from the area until many years after the park was established. McCartney also went by the name ''Jim Gardiner'' and received messages, consignments and such destined for guests of his hotel addressed to: ''Jim on the Gardiner''. On February 9, 1880, a territorial post office was established just outside the park boundary and the beginning of Gardiner, Montana took place.〔 In 1883, the Northern Pacific Railway completed the extension of their ''Park Branch Line'' from Livingston, Montana to Cinnabar north of Gardiner. In 1903, the line was extended to Gardiner. Railroad service to Gardiner was discontinued in 1948. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gardiner, Montana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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